Latin America: Women Resilient During Pandemic

Latin America needs public intervention to promote entrepreneurship in order to improve the quality of life and, in the long term, to make viable the possibilities of growth and economic and social development . This document compiles and analyses the main more on latin american women at https://toplatinwomen.com/ experiences and initiatives implemented to promote the participation of women and girls in the STEM sector. This study is an analytical and comparative document that includes the main experiences and initiatives implemented in the Latin American region to encourage the participation of women and girls in the STEM sector. The primary objectives of this study are to identify, contextualise, and analyse successful practices and initiatives at national and international levels for attracting, training, and promoting the participation of women and girls in STEM. The study systematises and compares policies and initiatives focused on gender equality in STEM. This list is by no means exhaustive, and further figures like Rosario Castellanos of Mexico and Celia Amorós of Spain should not be forgotten as they influenced the positions developed by these thinkers. All of these women dared to be thinkers at times when being a Latin American woman in philosophy was unheard of, and they have come to form the foundation of a canon of thinkers that paved the way for new and emerging voices.

• With regard to my experience, I was mayor in Miguel Hidalgo and now I preside over a global organization.
• We also campaign for the adoption of gender-sensitive whistleblowing protections and the adoption of measures that guarantee equal political participation.
• One is the emphasis on social issues (immigration, poverty, violence, inequality, etc.) and activism.

To save this article to your Dropbox account, please select one or more formats and confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you used this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your Dropbox account.Find out more about saving content to Dropbox. The municipalities and the national government agencies implement more projects to disseminate the entrepreneurial culture . In Latin America, on average, the sum of paid and unpaid work hours is higher for women than for men and unpaid work is mainly performed by women. Mexico has the highest rate, where the sum of paid work hours (847.4) plus unpaid work hours (847.5) totals 94.9 hours per week. Other countries with a high level of unpaid work are Uruguay (44.2, plus the time of paid work totals 82.7 hours per week), and Peru, where unpaid work consists of 39.4 hours per week. The countries where women perform less unpaid work are Brazil (25.2) and Costa Rica (31.6) .

Despite the fact that women-owned businesses favor economic development, job creation, family support, and poverty reduction, they still face environmental, legal, institutional, and cultural barriers . In relation to women entrepreneurship programs in several Latin American countries, there are public initiatives based on the policies in the region. The most used instruments are lines of financing, management and administration training, networks, access to credit, technical assistance to improve production, trade shows, seminars, meetings, and conferences, among others . Some of the programs to promote gender equity in women-owned businesses are shown in Table 5 . The legal and regulatory framework influences the start, formalization, and growth of women-owned businesses . There is clear progress in all Latin American countries; however, some countries emphasize more the maternity or gender-specific legal frameworks than the others do .

In 2016, the Americas Program was set up with the clear forward-looking mission to elevate discussion on the hemisphere to a strategic level. Today, throughout Latin America, much is being discussed and written about the role of women. We want to add our voice to these discussions by highlighting profiles of regional female leaders who are agents of change—those women who deliberately promote and enable gender equality within their own group and organization. While we have made significant progress in understanding drivers of breast cancer, most studies and clinical trials are in non-Hispanic white women. Increasing participation of underrepresented groups provides an opportunity to gain valuable insights into tumor biology and its variations among all people. This will ultimately enable the development of more personalized therapies and improve outcomes for Hispanic women and Latinas diagnosed with breast cancer. Social determinants also significantly influence overall health because they impact nearly every aspect of care, including access to insurance, preventive care, and treatment.

The promotion of women entrepreneurs’ networks and associations is one of the most widely used public and private tools to support the development of women-owned businesses. Nevertheless, these are isolated projects that are not clearly articulated; hence, their effectiveness is relatively low .

Other studies specify that it is insufficient to review only individual aspects to explain entrepreneurship, and we need to understand the problems influenced by the environment rather than by individual aspects. Aldrich, Rosen, and Woodward state that social structures affect the entrance of women into the business sector. Business environment factors can be economic, financial, legal, political, and sociocultural, and these are beyond the company’s control . The extent to which these structural dimensions affect women entrepreneurs depends on cultural norms in a given society .

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Several have formed theatre collectives—among them FOMMA (a Mayan women’s theatre company in Chiapas) and El Teatro de la máscara in Colombia. Some draw from cabaret and ‘frivolous’ theatre traditions to create intense and humorous performances that challenge church and state. Engaging in self-mutilation and abandoning traditional dress, others use their bodies as the platforms on which to stage their defiant critiques of injustice. Holy Terrors is a unique English-language presentation of some of Latin America’s fiercest, most provocative art. Equally important as legal action has been the movement’s efforts to break the stigma against abortion and help people understand the realitieswomenandgirlsface when they’re forced to carry an unwanted pregnancy to term. In 2016,Planned Parenthood Globaland others began theNiñas, No Madres campaign to inform and engage the public about the consequences of sexual violence and forced motherhood for young girls.

Abortion deserts: America’s new geography of access to care – mapped

They are creating businesses in areas such as cooking, jewelry and teaching, which have become valuable opportunities for them to obtain financial independence. Ximena Casas is the women’s rights researcher for the Americas region at Human Rights Watch. She previously worked to advance the recognition of sexual and reproductive rights of Latin American women at Planned Parenthood Global and the Center for Reproductive Rights. The solidarity of the Green Wave has helped break down stigma and raise awareness around women’s and girls’ rights, and has influenced policymakers to place reproductive autonomy and gender justice at the core of this political and legal debate. In moves that might have been unthinkable a decade ago,Chile’sCongress is debating the decriminalization of abortion up to 14 weeks, andColombia’sConstitutional Court is hearing a case that could effectively decriminalize abortion by removing it from the country’s penal code. In this way, the broadening of the debate over abortion took place in terms of autonomy and class.

Latin American feminism focuses on the critical work that women have undertaken in reaction to the forces that created this context. At present, the context is dominated by neoliberal economic policies that, in the environment of globalization, have disproportionally impacted the most vulnerable segments of society.

More often than not, women’s ideas in regards to justice, equality, and political change converged with other political projects that focused on improving the poor working class’s conditions and not specifically women’s conditions. Their ideas for social change were molded into general claims about access to education and transformation of laboring material conditions. Ideas that are now coded as feminist are identified as such in retrospect, but in order to do them justice, they need to be accounted for in their historicity. Violence against women extends globally , and it has been recognized internationally that it threatens public health, violates human rights, and creates a barrier to economic development (Reference Bott, Guedes, Goodwin and Adams Bott et al. 2014).

The recommendation is to define appropriate programs to enhance women entrepreneurs’ skills and include them in policies and plans for greater impact. Lopez-Acevedo and Tan (Reference Lopez-Acevedo and Tan 2010) show that some entrepreneurship programs in Latin America, in countries such as Peru, Colombia, Mexico, and Chile, had good, positive results in business productivity and growth.

Importantly, as more evidence is gathered, governments and the private sector are gaining new insights into how this pandemic is transforming women’s and men’s lives and taking appropriate measures to respond to existing gaps. An increase in caregiving responsibilities and a slow recovery of sectors that predominantly employ women partly explain these impacts. While some Hispanics say Latinx should be used as a pan-ethnic term, few say they prefer it over others. A majority (61%) say they prefer Hispanic to describe the Hispanic or Latino population in the U.S., and 29% say they prefer Latino. Meanwhile, just 4% say they prefer Latinx to describe the Hispanic or Latino population. Hispanics who identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party are more likely to have heard of Latinx than those who identify with or lean toward the Republican Party (29% vs. 16%). In addition, the U.S. born are more likely than the foreign born to have heard the term (32% vs. 16%), and Hispanics who are predominantly English speakers or bilingual are more likely than those who mainly speak Spanish to say the same (29% for both vs. 7%).